ÕѺÍʱ´úµÄÂ×ÀíÄæ¾³ÐðÊÂÌØÕ÷
×÷ΪÈÕ±¾Ó°Ï·»Æ½ðʱÆÚµÄ´ú±í×÷£¬¡¶ÕѺͱ³µÂĽÇé ˺ÁÑµÄØøÙ³Ö®°®¡·½«¾µÍ·¾Û½¹ÓÚÕ½ºóÔÙÆðÆÚµÄ¶¼»á¼ÒÍ¥¡£Ó°Æ¬Í¨¹ýÕÉ·òµÄְҵΣ»úÓëÆÞ×ÓµÄÇéÐ÷ÊÜÐÑÁ½ÌõÐðÊÂÏߣ¬¹¹½¨³ö¾¼Ã¸ßËÙÉúÄ;ÃÌØÓÐµÄÆ·µÂ½¹ÂÇ¡£µ¼ÑÝÔËÓôó×Ú³¤¾µÍ·Õ¹ÏÖØøÙ³´ÓÏྴÈç±öµ½Ã¬¶Ü±¬·¢µÄÀú³Ì£¬ÕâÖÖ»ºÂýµÄÐðʽÚ×à·´¶øÇ¿»¯ÁËÇéÐ÷ÆÆËéµÄ±¯¾çÐÔ¡£¹ÛÖÚÔÚHDÖÐ×Ö°æ±¾µÄԢĿÌåÑéÖУ¬ÄܸüÇåÎú²¶»ñ½Çɫ΢ÐÄÇéת´ïµÄÑ¹ÖÆÇéÐ÷¡£
»éÒö¹ØÏµ½â¹¹µÄÊÓÌýÓïÑÔÆÊÎö
Ó°Ï·ÖгäÂúÒþÓ÷µÄ¾µÍ·Éè¼ÆÖµµÃÌØÊâ×¢ÖØ£ºÖظ´·ºÆðµÄÆÆËé²£Á§ÏóÕ÷×ÅØøÙ³¹ØÏµµÄ²»¿ÉÐÞ¸´£¬ÓêÒ¹ÕùÖ´³¡¾°µÄ¹âÓ°±ÈÕÕÔòÌåÏÖ×ÅÆ·µÂ̬¶ÈµÄÄ£ºý»¯¡£ÔÚHD»ÖÊ·ºÆðÏ£¬´ò°çÉè¼ÆÏ¸½ÚÖеĺͷþ¸ÄÁ¼ÔªËØ£¬¾«×¼Ó³ÉäÁËÕѺÍÖÐÆÚ¹Å°åÓëÏÖ´úµÄ³åÍ»¡£ÄϹÏÓ°ÊÓÌṩµÄÈÕÓïÔÉù´îÅäÖÐÎÄ×ÖÄ»£¬Ê¹¹ÛÖÚµÃÒÔÍêÕûÃ÷È·½Çɫ̨´ÊÖеÄË«ÖØ¼ÄÒ壬ÆÞ×Ó˵¡¸ÎÒÃÇÐèҪеÄÉúÑÄ¡¹Ê±µÄÓïÆøÍ£Áô£¬Ô̺¬×ŶԼȶ¨Æ·µÂ¹æ·¶µÄ¶Ô¿¹¡£
½ÇÉ«ËÜÔìÖеÄʱ´ú·ûºÅ½âÂë
ÄÐÖ÷½Ç×÷ÎªÒøÐÐÖ°Ô±µÄ½ÇÉ«É趨¾ßÓе䷶ʱ´úÌØÕ÷£¬ÆäÖð½¥Å¤ÇúµÄÈ˸ñÉú³¤ÕÛÉä³ö¾¼Ã¶¯Îﻯ¶Ô¼ÒÍ¥µÄÇÖÊ´¡£Å®Ö÷½Ç´ÓÏÍÆÞÁ¼Ä¸µ½ÐѾõÅ®ÐÔµÄת±ä£¬ÔòÕ¹ÏÖÁËÕѺÍÅ®ÐÔÖ÷Òå˼³±µÄÃÈÑ¿¡£ÌØÊâÖµµÃÒ»ÌáµÄÊÇ£¬Ó°Ï·ÖÐØøÙ³ÕùִʱÅä¾°²¥·ÅµÄ¥é¥¸¥ª£¨ÊÕÒô»ú£©ÐÂÎÅ£¬Ã¿´Î¶¼ÔÚ±¨µÀ²î±ð¹¤ÒµÕñÐËÐÂÎÅ£¬ÕâÖÖÉù»¶ÔλÊÖ·¨Ç¿»¯ÁËСÎÒ˽¼ÒÔËÆøÓëʱ´úºéÁ÷µÄ¹ØÁªÐÔ¡£
Õýµ±Ô¢Ä¿ÇþµÀÓë»ÖʽÏÁ¿
ÔÚÊý×ÖÐÞ¸´°æÉÏÏßÄϹÏÓ°ÊÓºó£¬HDÖÐ×Ö»ÖÊÏà½ÏÔçÆÚ¼Ïñ´ø°æ±¾ÌáÉýÁË78%µÄÇåÎú¶È£¬ÓÈÆäÔÚ°µ²¿Ï¸½Ú´¦Öóͷ£ÉϸüΪϸÄå¡£¹ÛÖÚͨ¹ýƽ̨ÌṩµÄÃâ·ÑÔÚÏßԢĿЧÀÍ£¬¿ÉÒÔÍêÕûä¯ÀÀÔ±¾Ä£ºý´¦Öóͷ£µÄé½é½Ã×ÎÆÀíµÈÒªº¦³¡¾°ÔªËØ¡£Ïà½ÏÓÚÆäËûƽ̨£¬ÄϹÏÓ°ÊÓµÄ×ÖÄ»·Òë¸ü׼ȷ·ºÆðÁËÔÖø¾ç±¾ÖеĹØÎ÷·½ÑÔÌØÉ«£¬Õâ¶ÔÃ÷È·½ÇÉ«½×¼¶µÄÐþÃî²î±ðÖÁ¹ØÖ÷Òª¡£
½ñÊÀ¹ÛÖڵļÛÖµÖØÉóÓëÆôʾ
ÔÚÁ÷ýÌåʱ´úÖØÎÂÕⲿÕѺÍÂ×ÀíÆ¬£¬ÄêÇá¹ÛÖÚ³£»á±¬·¢ÒÉÐÄ£ºÎªºÎÖ÷½Ç²»Ñ¡ÔñØòÀ룿ÕâǡǡչÏÖÁËÓ°Ï·µÄ½¹µãÃüÌ⡪¡ªÔÚÕûÌåÖ÷ÒåÊ¢ÐеÄÄêÔ£¬Ð¡ÎÒ˽¼ÒÇéÐ÷Óë¼ÒÍ¥ÔðÈεijåÍ»ÍùÍùÌåÏÖΪÂýÐÔ½Êɱ¡£Ó°Æ¬×îºó³¤´ïÈý·ÖÖӵĿվµÍ·£¬Í¨¹ýHD»ÖÊÍêÉÆ·ºÆðµÄÓ£»¨Æ®Â䳡¾°£¬ÕýÊǶԡ¸Îï°§¡¹ÃÀѧµÄÏÖ´úÚ¹ÊÍ¡£ÏÖÔÚͨ¹ýÄϹÏÓ°ÊÓ±ã½ÝµÄԢĿÇþµÀ£¬¹ÛÖÚµÃÒÔÔÚÇåÎúµÄ×ÖÄ»¸¨ÖúÏ£¬¿çԽʱ¿Õ¸ÐÊÜËÈËʱ´úµÄÁµ°®Äæ¾³¡£
´ÓÂ×Àí̽ÌÖµ½¹ÛÓ°ÌåÑ飬¡¶ÕѺͱ³µÂĽÇé ˺ÁÑµÄØøÙ³Ö®°®¡·ÎªÏÖ´ú¹ÛÖÚ¼ÜÆðÁËÃ÷È·ÌØÊâʱ´ú»éÒöÄæ¾³µÄÇÅÁº¡£ÄϹÏÓ°ÊÓÌṩµÄHDÖÐ×Ö°æ±¾²»µ«ÌáÉýÁ˹ÛÓ°ÖÊÁ¿£¬¸üͨ¹ý¾«×¼µÄ×ÖÄ»·Ò뻹ÔÁË×÷Æ·¾«Ëè¡£Õⲿ¹ØÓÚØøÙ³¹ØÏµ½â¹¹ÓëÖØÐÞµÄÓ°Ï·£¬ÖÁ½ñÈÔÔÚ×·ÎÊ£ºµ±Éç»á¹æ·¶ÓëСÎÒ˽¼ÒÇéÐ÷±¬·¢²»¿Éе÷µÄ³åͻʱ£¬ÕæÕýµÄÆ·µÂÑ¡ÔñÊÂʵÊÇ·ñ±£´æ£¿ÕѺÍÂ×Àí¾çµÄÎÄ»¯Óï¾³Óë½ÇÉ«ÔÐÍ
ÕѺÍʱÆÚµÄ¼ÒÍ¥Â×Àí¾ç£¨1930-1980£©Éî¿Ì·´Ó¦ÁËÕ½ááÈÕ±¾Éç»áתÐÍÆÚµÄ¼Òͥì¶Ü¡£Ëùν"±³µÂ¶ùϱ"£¨Æ·µÂÆ«ÀëÐÍϱ¸¾½ÇÉ«£©ÍùÍùÉ趨Ϊ¼ÞÈë¹Å°å¼ÒÍ¥µÄÏÖ´úÅ®ÐÔ£¬ÆäÅäżÉí·Ýͨ³£×ñÕÕÈýÀàµä·¶Ä£Ê½£º·â½¨¼Ò³¤ÖƼÌÐøÕß¡¢Õ½ÕùÐÒ´æÕß»òÆóÒµÎäÊ¿£¨¥µ¥é¥ê©`¥Þ¥ó£©¡£ÕâÀà½ÇÉ«µÄ»éÒö¹ØÏµ¹¹½¨£¬ÊµÖÊÊǹŰåÓëÏÖ¼ÛǮֵ¹ÛÅöײµÄ¾ßÏó»¯ÌåÏÖ¡£¹ÛÖÚÃÇÊÇ·ñ˼Ë÷¹ý£¬±à¾çΪºÎÒª¸¶ÓëÕâЩÕÉ·òÌØ¶¨µÄÖ°ÒµÉí·Ý£¿
¾µä¾ç×÷ÖеÄÅäżÐÎÏóÆÊÎö
ÔÚ1978ÄêNHK¾ç×÷¡¶Ëĵþ°ëµÄÔ¼Êø¡·ÖУ¬ÆðÒå¶ùϱÃÀ´ú×ÓµÄÕÉ·ò±»Éè¶¨ÎªÒøÐÐÖвãÖÎÀíÕß¡£ÕâÖÖְҵѡÔñ¾ßÓÐË«ÖØÒþÓ÷£º¼È´ú±íÌåÖÆÄÚµÄȨÍþʵÁ¦£¬ÓÖ°µÓ÷¾¼Ã¸ßËÙÉúÄ;õÄÖ°³¡Ò컯Õ÷Ïó¡£ÕâÀàÅ俵Ĵò°çÔìÐͶà½ÓÄÉÊØ¾ÉµÄÈý¼þÌ×Î÷×°£¬ÓëÆÞ×ÓʱÉеÄÑó×°ÐγÉÊÓ¾õ±ÈÕÕ¡£×¨ÒµÑо¿ÏÔʾ£¬ÕѺÍÂ×Àí¾ç70%µÄÄÐÐÔ½ÇÉ«½ÓÄÉÖо°Àο¿¾µÍ·ÅÄÉ㣬ÕâÓëÕÉ·ò½ÇÉ«ÔÚ¼ÒÍ¥ÖеÄ"ÊÓ²ìÕß"¶¨Î»Ç×½üÏà¹Ø¡£
¾çÕÕ×ÊÁϵÄÏóÕ÷ÐÔ½â¶ÁÒªÁì
ÏÖ´æµÄÕѺÍÂ×Àí¾ç¾çÕÕÖУ¬ØøÙ³Í¬¿ò»Ãæ±£´æÏÔ×ŵĹ¹Í¼¼ÍÂÉ¡£Õ䲨ÓÚ¹úÁ¢Ó³»µµ°¸¹ÝµÄ¡¶Ñª×å¡·¾çÕÕÏÔʾ£¬ÕÉ·ò³£±»ÖÃÓÚ»Ãæ×ó²à£¨¹Å°åÎÄ»¯·½Î»£©£¬ÉíÌå×Ë̬¶à³ÊÎ£×øµÄÎȹÌÈý½ÇÐνṹ£¬¶øÆÞ×ÓÔòÒÔÇúÏß¹¹Í¼·ºÆðÔÚ»ÃæÓÒ·½¡£ÕâÖÖÊÓ¾õÓïÑÔÉî¿ÌÒþÓ÷׏ŰåÐÔ±ð½ÇÉ«µÄ¿Õ¼ä·ÖÅÉ¡£ÒÕÊõѧÕß½¨Òé½ÓÄÉ·ûºÅѧҪÁìÆÊÎöÖ«ÌåÓïÑÔ£ºÕÉ·ò½ô¿ÛµÄË«ÊÖÌåÏÖÑ¹ÖÆ£¬ÆÞ×ÓÑïÆðµÄϰÍÔòÏóÕ÷¶Ô¿¹¡£
Ó°Ïñ×ÊÁϵĻñÈ¡ÓëÅжÏÒªµã
±æÊ¶ÕѺÍʱÆÚÂ×Àí¾ç¾çÕÕÐèÕÆÎÕÈýÒªËØ£ºÊ±´úÌØÕ÷±³¾°£¨Èç°«½Å²Í×À£©¡¢Ìض¨ÄêÔÂÒÂÊΣ¨¹ýÏ¥A×Öȹ£©£¬ÒÔ¼°½ºÆ¬¿ÅÁ£ÖʸС£ÖµµÃ×¢ÖØµÄÊÇ£¬ÉÏÊÀ¼Í70ÄêÔÂááÆÚ×îÏÈ·ºÆð²ÊÉ«¾çÕÕ£¬Ðèͨ¹ýÉ«²Ê±¥ºÍ¶ÈÅжÏÏêϸÄêÔ¡£¶«¾©Ó°ÊÓ×ÊÁϹÝÏÖ²ØÓÐ1200ÓàÕÅδ¹ûÕæ¾çÕÕ£¬ÆäÖаüÀ¨¶à¸ö"±³µÂ¶ùϱ"½ÇÉ«µÄ¼ÒÍ¥ÉúÑij¡¾°¡£ÕâЩÕä¹óÓ°ÏñÔõÑùÌåÏÖÕÉ·ò½ÇÉ«µÄÇéÐ÷ת±ä¹ì¼££¿
Â×Àí¾çÈËÎïµÄÉç»áͶÉäÆÊÎö
´óÚæ´óѧÉç»áÒâÀíѧÑо¿ÏÔʾ£¬ÕѺͱ³µÂ¶ùϱ¼°ÆäÅäżµÄÐÎÏóËÜÔ죬׼ȷͶÉäÁËÆäʱ43%¶¼»á¼ÒÍ¥±£´æµÄ´ú¼Ê³åÍ»¡£ÕÉ·ò½ÇÉ«µÄÏû¼«ÌåÏÖ£¬ÏÖʵÉÏ·´Ó¦ÁËÈÕ±¾Ö°³¡ÄÐÐÔÔÚÖÕÉí¹ÍÓ¶ÖÆÏµľ«ÉñÄæ¾³¡£µä·¶Èç¡¶ÕѺͼÒ×å¡·ÖеÄÌ«ÀɽÇÉ«£¬Æä°ì¹«ÊÒ³¡¾°Óë¼ÒÍ¥³¡¾°µÄ´ò°çʼÖÕÕûÆëÆëÕû£¬ÌåÏÖ½ÇÉ«ÎÞ·¨Çø·ÖÉç»áÉí·ÝÓë¼ÒÍ¥Éí·ÝµÄÐÄÀí״̬¡£
ÏÖ´úÊÓ½ÇϵÄÒÕÊõ¼ÛÖµÖØ¹À
½ñÊÀÑо¿Õß×îÏÈÖØÐÂÉóÔÄÕâЩÂ×Àí¾ç×÷µÄÀúÊ·¼ÛÖµ¡£ÕÉ·ò½ÇÉ«¿´Ëƿ̰åµÄÑݳöģʽÖУ¬ÏÖʵÔ̺¬×ŶÔÄÐÐÔÉç»áÔðÈεÄÉî²ãÅúÅС£2021Ä꾩¶¼Ó°Õ¹ÌØÊâÉèÖÃÁË"±»Îó½âµÄÕÉ·òÃÇ"µ¥Î»£¬Õ¹³ö°üÀ¨¡¶ÆÅϱսÕù¡·ÄÐÖ÷½ÇÈý¶È»ñµÃ×î¼ÑÅä½ÇÌáÃûµÄÕä¹óÊ·ÁÏ¡£²ßÕ¹ÈËÌØÊâÖ¸³ö£¬ÕâÀà½ÇÉ«¾²Ö¹µÄÑݳö·½·¨Ç¡ÊÇÚ¹ÊÍÒþÈÌÃÀѧµÄ¹æ·¶¡£
ͨ¹ý¶ÔÕѺͱ³µÂ¶ùϱ¸¾µÄÀϹ«ÊÇËÕÕÆ¬µÄϵͳÑо¿£¬ÎÒÃDz»µ«ÄÜ»¹ÔÌØ¶¨ÀúʷʱÆÚµÄ¼ÒÍ¥Â×Àí¹Û£¬¸üÄÜÃ÷È·Ó°ÊÓ´´ÞÏÞεóÄÑÉç»á±äǨµÄÃôÈñ²¶»ñ¡£ÕâЩ³ÐÔØÎÄ»¯Ó°ÏóµÄÓ°Ïñ×ÊÁÏ£¬Ò»Á¬ÎªÏÖ´ú¹ÛÖÚÌṩÉóÔÄ»éÒö¹ØÏµµÄÆæÒìÊӽǣ¬ÆäÒÕÊõ¼ÛÖµÓëÀúÊ·ÒâÒåÖµµÃÒ»Á¬ÉîÈëÍÚ¾ò¡£